Treaty of Nanking (南京條約)The treaty of Nanking was signed after the first opium war between United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Qing dynasty of China. It was an unequal treaty and China was forced to ceded land and open trade. In this treaty of Nanking, Hong Kong Island was ceded to the british. Within a few years other Western powers signed similar treaties with China and received commercial and residential privileges, and the Western domination of China's treaty ports began.
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Treaty of Peking (北京條約)In 1860, China was forced to sign the unequal treaties with United Kingdom, Russia and France after the second opium war. This was when Kowloon Peninsula ceded to the United Kingdom. In 1856, British led the capitalist countries begin the second opium war. After China had been defeated by British, France and Russia, China was forced to sign different unequal treaties, as three countries earned lots of profit through these unequal treaties.
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How have the Treaty of Nanking and Peking influenced the Language Culture in Hong Kong?
Through the treaty of Nanking and Peking, China had ceded Hong Kong to the British. This was when English language made an impact to the Hong Kong society. Hong Kong residents first contact with the English language and they spoke English using Chinese accent, which became what we called "Chinglish". Language culture of Hong Kong have been "invented" through this period.
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